Byzantine Greek Fire Grenade, 9th/10th Century

Description

Greek Fire was one of the most significant military inventions in history and its use saved
the Byzantine Empire for centuries from Arab attacks. The exact formula for this
flammable liquid remains a secret to this day. Purportedly invented in the 7th C by
Kallinikos of Heliopolis, a Jewish architect who fled Syria after an Arab attack on his home
city and later settled in Constantinople, he also invented the complex system which
propelled the liquid across long distances. It was first used at sea where it was particularly
effective against wooden ships, as it could not be put out by water. It was later delivered
via clay grenades, either by hand or by launching with a catapult. This example is a
hollow clay vessel with an ovoid-shaped body, domed top, and conical base; the body with
a simple decoration. Spout on the upper face to facilitate filling and the addition of a wick.
Weighs 1 pound 13 ounces, approximately 6 3/4″ long and 4″ diameter. Included is a
display stand and certificate of authenticity.